Fentanyl, a potent synthetic opioid, is increasingly implicated in overdose deaths in the U.S. Because it is so much stronger than other prescription opioids, it is more likely to cause an overdose. Fentanyl is often found to have been used in combination with other opioids. Statistics that refer to fentanyl typically include both the drug and its analogues. Analogues are chemically similar substances; some are legal prescription drugs and others are illicit.
- Fentanyl is 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine and about 50 times more potent than heroin.
- As a prescription, fentanyl comes in several forms: sublingual tablet, skin patch, lozenge, and injection.
- Fentanyl and its prescription analogues are schedule II controlled substances as listed by the Drug Enforcement Administration. Illicit analogues of fentanyl are listed on schedule I along with heroin.
- While the number of deaths caused by opioid prescriptions alone was down in 2016, those involving fentanyl in combination with other opioids were up.
- The number of deaths involving fentanyl, whether alone with other drugs, doubled from 2015 to 2016. Over the last three years, the number of fentanyl-related deaths increased 540 percent.
- Most fentanyl overdose deaths occur in the eastern part of the U.S. In Maine in 2015, 32 percent of drug-related deaths involved fentanyl; in Philadelphia, 27 percent of overdose deaths included Fentanyl; and in parts of Florida, fentanyl-related deaths increased over 500 percent in three years.